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Thyroid Eye Disease

An autoimmune disease in which the eye muscles and fatty tissue behind the eye become inflamed.

What is thyroid eye disease?

TED is a rare autoimmune inflammatory condition of the structures found in the socket such as eye muscles and intraorbital fat.

It is usually triggered by thyroid inflammation such as Graves disease or Hashimoto thyroiditis. Patients are usually hyperthyroid (overactive thyroid) at presentation, but some might present late being hypothyroid (‘underactive’) or euthyroid (normal thyroid gland function).

There are risk factors in developing TED and this can progress independent from the thyroid inflammation.

Risk factors include:

  1. female
  2. poorly controlled and variable thyroid function
  3. positive TSH receptor antibodies (TRAB)
  4. smoking
  5. receiving radioactive iodine to treat the overactive thyroid

TED can cause swelling and redness of both top and bottom eyelids, bulging eyes (proptosis, which can be asymmetric, more on one side), pain above and behind the eye (‘headache’ in the eye socket), double vision, sore, watery, light sensitive eyes.

thyroid eye disease

In very rare occasions TED can cause loss of vision through optic nerve compression and/ or exposure of surface of the eye and damage (due to inability of closing eyes completely).

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What others are saying

“Thank you for your kindness and expert removal of the lesion from my left, lower eyelid. I can't believe the itchy, weeping, ugly thing has gone at last. I have had no pain whatsoever and no bruising either. A testimonial to your skill. I am so grateful . This has made a huge difference to my life. Thank you so much.”

A.C.March 2023
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